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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <HTML ><HEAD ><TITLE >Client Authentication</TITLE ><META NAME="GENERATOR" CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.79"><LINK REV="MADE" HREF="mailto:pgsql-docs@postgresql.org"><LINK REL="HOME" TITLE="PostgreSQL 9.2.24 Documentation" HREF="index.html"><LINK REL="UP" TITLE="Server Administration" HREF="admin.html"><LINK REL="PREVIOUS" TITLE="Short Options" HREF="runtime-config-short.html"><LINK REL="NEXT" TITLE="The pg_hba.conf File" HREF="auth-pg-hba-conf.html"><LINK REL="STYLESHEET" TYPE="text/css" HREF="stylesheet.css"><META HTTP-EQUIV="Content-Type" CONTENT="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><META NAME="creation" CONTENT="2017-11-06T22:43:11"></HEAD ><BODY CLASS="CHAPTER" ><DIV CLASS="NAVHEADER" ><TABLE SUMMARY="Header navigation table" WIDTH="100%" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ><TR ><TH COLSPAN="5" ALIGN="center" VALIGN="bottom" ><A HREF="index.html" >PostgreSQL 9.2.24 Documentation</A ></TH ></TR ><TR ><TD WIDTH="10%" ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top" ><A TITLE="Short Options" HREF="runtime-config-short.html" ACCESSKEY="P" >Prev</A ></TD ><TD WIDTH="10%" ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top" ><A HREF="admin.html" ACCESSKEY="U" >Up</A ></TD ><TD WIDTH="60%" ALIGN="center" VALIGN="bottom" ></TD ><TD WIDTH="20%" ALIGN="right" VALIGN="top" ><A TITLE="The pg_hba.conf File" HREF="auth-pg-hba-conf.html" ACCESSKEY="N" >Next</A ></TD ></TR ></TABLE ><HR ALIGN="LEFT" WIDTH="100%"></DIV ><DIV CLASS="CHAPTER" ><H1 ><A NAME="CLIENT-AUTHENTICATION" ></A >Chapter 19. Client Authentication</H1 ><DIV CLASS="TOC" ><DL ><DT ><B >Table of Contents</B ></DT ><DT >19.1. <A HREF="auth-pg-hba-conf.html" >The <TT CLASS="FILENAME" >pg_hba.conf</TT > File</A ></DT ><DT >19.2. <A HREF="auth-username-maps.html" >User Name Maps</A ></DT ><DT >19.3. <A HREF="auth-methods.html" >Authentication Methods</A ></DT ><DD ><DL ><DT >19.3.1. <A HREF="auth-methods.html#AUTH-TRUST" >Trust Authentication</A ></DT ><DT >19.3.2. <A HREF="auth-methods.html#AUTH-PASSWORD" >Password Authentication</A ></DT ><DT >19.3.3. <A HREF="auth-methods.html#GSSAPI-AUTH" >GSSAPI Authentication</A ></DT ><DT >19.3.4. <A HREF="auth-methods.html#SSPI-AUTH" >SSPI Authentication</A ></DT ><DT >19.3.5. <A HREF="auth-methods.html#KERBEROS-AUTH" >Kerberos Authentication</A ></DT ><DT >19.3.6. <A HREF="auth-methods.html#AUTH-IDENT" >Ident Authentication</A ></DT ><DT >19.3.7. <A HREF="auth-methods.html#AUTH-PEER" >Peer Authentication</A ></DT ><DT >19.3.8. <A HREF="auth-methods.html#AUTH-LDAP" >LDAP Authentication</A ></DT ><DT >19.3.9. <A HREF="auth-methods.html#AUTH-RADIUS" >RADIUS Authentication</A ></DT ><DT >19.3.10. <A HREF="auth-methods.html#AUTH-CERT" >Certificate Authentication</A ></DT ><DT >19.3.11. <A HREF="auth-methods.html#AUTH-PAM" >PAM Authentication</A ></DT ></DL ></DD ><DT >19.4. <A HREF="client-authentication-problems.html" >Authentication Problems</A ></DT ></DL ></DIV ><P > When a client application connects to the database server, it specifies which <SPAN CLASS="PRODUCTNAME" >PostgreSQL</SPAN > database user name it wants to connect as, much the same way one logs into a Unix computer as a particular user. Within the SQL environment the active database user name determines access privileges to database objects — see <A HREF="user-manag.html" >Chapter 20</A > for more information. Therefore, it is essential to restrict which database users can connect. </P ><DIV CLASS="NOTE" ><BLOCKQUOTE CLASS="NOTE" ><P ><B >Note: </B > As explained in <A HREF="user-manag.html" >Chapter 20</A >, <SPAN CLASS="PRODUCTNAME" >PostgreSQL</SPAN > actually does privilege management in terms of <SPAN CLASS="QUOTE" >"roles"</SPAN >. In this chapter, we consistently use <I CLASS="FIRSTTERM" >database user</I > to mean <SPAN CLASS="QUOTE" >"role with the <TT CLASS="LITERAL" >LOGIN</TT > privilege"</SPAN >. </P ></BLOCKQUOTE ></DIV ><P > <I CLASS="FIRSTTERM" >Authentication</I > is the process by which the database server establishes the identity of the client, and by extension determines whether the client application (or the user who runs the client application) is permitted to connect with the database user name that was requested. </P ><P > <SPAN CLASS="PRODUCTNAME" >PostgreSQL</SPAN > offers a number of different client authentication methods. The method used to authenticate a particular client connection can be selected on the basis of (client) host address, database, and user. </P ><P > <SPAN CLASS="PRODUCTNAME" >PostgreSQL</SPAN > database user names are logically separate from user names of the operating system in which the server runs. If all the users of a particular server also have accounts on the server's machine, it makes sense to assign database user names that match their operating system user names. However, a server that accepts remote connections might have many database users who have no local operating system account, and in such cases there need be no connection between database user names and OS user names. </P ></DIV ><DIV CLASS="NAVFOOTER" ><HR ALIGN="LEFT" WIDTH="100%"><TABLE SUMMARY="Footer navigation table" WIDTH="100%" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ><TR ><TD WIDTH="33%" ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top" ><A HREF="runtime-config-short.html" ACCESSKEY="P" >Prev</A ></TD ><TD WIDTH="34%" ALIGN="center" VALIGN="top" ><A HREF="index.html" ACCESSKEY="H" >Home</A ></TD ><TD WIDTH="33%" ALIGN="right" VALIGN="top" ><A HREF="auth-pg-hba-conf.html" ACCESSKEY="N" >Next</A ></TD ></TR ><TR ><TD WIDTH="33%" ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top" >Short Options</TD ><TD WIDTH="34%" ALIGN="center" VALIGN="top" ><A HREF="admin.html" ACCESSKEY="U" >Up</A ></TD ><TD WIDTH="33%" ALIGN="right" VALIGN="top" >The <TT CLASS="FILENAME" >pg_hba.conf</TT > File</TD ></TR ></TABLE ></DIV ></BODY ></HTML >