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><H1
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>I. SQL Commands</H1
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><A
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><P
> This part contains reference information for the
<ACRONYM
CLASS="ACRONYM"
>SQL</ACRONYM
> commands supported by
<SPAN
CLASS="PRODUCTNAME"
>PostgreSQL</SPAN
>. By <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"SQL"</SPAN
> the
language in general is meant; information about the standards
conformance and compatibility of each command can be found on the
respective reference page.
</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="TOC"
><DL
><DT
><B
>Table of Contents</B
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-abort.html"
>ABORT</A
> -- abort the current transaction</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-alteraggregate.html"
>ALTER AGGREGATE</A
> -- change the definition of an aggregate function</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-altercollation.html"
>ALTER COLLATION</A
> -- change the definition of a collation</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-alterconversion.html"
>ALTER CONVERSION</A
> -- change the definition of a conversion</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-alterdatabase.html"
>ALTER DATABASE</A
> -- change a database</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-alterdefaultprivileges.html"
>ALTER DEFAULT PRIVILEGES</A
> -- define default access privileges</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-alterdomain.html"
>ALTER DOMAIN</A
> -- change the definition of a domain
</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-alterextension.html"
>ALTER EXTENSION</A
> -- change the definition of an extension
</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-alterforeigndatawrapper.html"
>ALTER FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER</A
> -- change the definition of a foreign-data wrapper</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-alterforeigntable.html"
>ALTER FOREIGN TABLE</A
> -- change the definition of a foreign table</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-alterfunction.html"
>ALTER FUNCTION</A
> -- change the definition of a function</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-altergroup.html"
>ALTER GROUP</A
> -- change role name or membership</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-alterindex.html"
>ALTER INDEX</A
> -- change the definition of an index</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-alterlanguage.html"
>ALTER LANGUAGE</A
> -- change the definition of a procedural language</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-alterlargeobject.html"
>ALTER LARGE OBJECT</A
> -- change the definition of a large object</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-alteroperator.html"
>ALTER OPERATOR</A
> -- change the definition of an operator</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-alteropclass.html"
>ALTER OPERATOR CLASS</A
> -- change the definition of an operator class</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-alteropfamily.html"
>ALTER OPERATOR FAMILY</A
> -- change the definition of an operator family</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-alterrole.html"
>ALTER ROLE</A
> -- change a database role</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-alterschema.html"
>ALTER SCHEMA</A
> -- change the definition of a schema</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-altersequence.html"
>ALTER SEQUENCE</A
> -- change the definition of a sequence generator
</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-alterserver.html"
>ALTER SERVER</A
> -- change the definition of a foreign server</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-altertable.html"
>ALTER TABLE</A
> -- change the definition of a table</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-altertablespace.html"
>ALTER TABLESPACE</A
> -- change the definition of a tablespace</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-altertsconfig.html"
>ALTER TEXT SEARCH CONFIGURATION</A
> -- change the definition of a text search configuration</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-altertsdictionary.html"
>ALTER TEXT SEARCH DICTIONARY</A
> -- change the definition of a text search dictionary</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-altertsparser.html"
>ALTER TEXT SEARCH PARSER</A
> -- change the definition of a text search parser</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-altertstemplate.html"
>ALTER TEXT SEARCH TEMPLATE</A
> -- change the definition of a text search template</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-altertrigger.html"
>ALTER TRIGGER</A
> -- change the definition of a trigger</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-altertype.html"
>ALTER TYPE</A
> -- change the definition of a type
</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-alteruser.html"
>ALTER USER</A
> -- change a database role</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-alterusermapping.html"
>ALTER USER MAPPING</A
> -- change the definition of a user mapping</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-alterview.html"
>ALTER VIEW</A
> -- change the definition of a view</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-analyze.html"
>ANALYZE</A
> -- collect statistics about a database</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-begin.html"
>BEGIN</A
> -- start a transaction block</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-checkpoint.html"
>CHECKPOINT</A
> -- force a transaction log checkpoint</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-close.html"
>CLOSE</A
> -- close a cursor</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-cluster.html"
>CLUSTER</A
> -- cluster a table according to an index</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-comment.html"
>COMMENT</A
> -- define or change the comment of an object</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-commit.html"
>COMMIT</A
> -- commit the current transaction</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-commit-prepared.html"
>COMMIT PREPARED</A
> -- commit a transaction that was earlier prepared for two-phase commit</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-copy.html"
>COPY</A
> -- copy data between a file and a table</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-createaggregate.html"
>CREATE AGGREGATE</A
> -- define a new aggregate function</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-createcast.html"
>CREATE CAST</A
> -- define a new cast</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-createcollation.html"
>CREATE COLLATION</A
> -- define a new collation</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-createconversion.html"
>CREATE CONVERSION</A
> -- define a new encoding conversion</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-createdatabase.html"
>CREATE DATABASE</A
> -- create a new database</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-createdomain.html"
>CREATE DOMAIN</A
> -- define a new domain</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-createextension.html"
>CREATE EXTENSION</A
> -- install an extension</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-createforeigndatawrapper.html"
>CREATE FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER</A
> -- define a new foreign-data wrapper</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-createforeigntable.html"
>CREATE FOREIGN TABLE</A
> -- define a new foreign table</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-createfunction.html"
>CREATE FUNCTION</A
> -- define a new function</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-creategroup.html"
>CREATE GROUP</A
> -- define a new database role</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-createindex.html"
>CREATE INDEX</A
> -- define a new index</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-createlanguage.html"
>CREATE LANGUAGE</A
> -- define a new procedural language</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-createoperator.html"
>CREATE OPERATOR</A
> -- define a new operator</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-createopclass.html"
>CREATE OPERATOR CLASS</A
> -- define a new operator class</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-createopfamily.html"
>CREATE OPERATOR FAMILY</A
> -- define a new operator family</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-createrole.html"
>CREATE ROLE</A
> -- define a new database role</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-createrule.html"
>CREATE RULE</A
> -- define a new rewrite rule</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-createschema.html"
>CREATE SCHEMA</A
> -- define a new schema</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-createsequence.html"
>CREATE SEQUENCE</A
> -- define a new sequence generator</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-createserver.html"
>CREATE SERVER</A
> -- define a new foreign server</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-createtable.html"
>CREATE TABLE</A
> -- define a new table</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-createtableas.html"
>CREATE TABLE AS</A
> -- define a new table from the results of a query</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-createtablespace.html"
>CREATE TABLESPACE</A
> -- define a new tablespace</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-createtsconfig.html"
>CREATE TEXT SEARCH CONFIGURATION</A
> -- define a new text search configuration</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-createtsdictionary.html"
>CREATE TEXT SEARCH DICTIONARY</A
> -- define a new text search dictionary</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-createtsparser.html"
>CREATE TEXT SEARCH PARSER</A
> -- define a new text search parser</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-createtstemplate.html"
>CREATE TEXT SEARCH TEMPLATE</A
> -- define a new text search template</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-createtrigger.html"
>CREATE TRIGGER</A
> -- define a new trigger</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-createtype.html"
>CREATE TYPE</A
> -- define a new data type</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-createuser.html"
>CREATE USER</A
> -- define a new database role</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-createusermapping.html"
>CREATE USER MAPPING</A
> -- define a new mapping of a user to a foreign server</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-createview.html"
>CREATE VIEW</A
> -- define a new view</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-deallocate.html"
>DEALLOCATE</A
> -- deallocate a prepared statement</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-declare.html"
>DECLARE</A
> -- define a cursor</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-delete.html"
>DELETE</A
> -- delete rows of a table</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-discard.html"
>DISCARD</A
> -- discard session state</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-do.html"
>DO</A
> -- execute an anonymous code block</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-dropaggregate.html"
>DROP AGGREGATE</A
> -- remove an aggregate function</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-dropcast.html"
>DROP CAST</A
> -- remove a cast</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-dropcollation.html"
>DROP COLLATION</A
> -- remove a collation</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-dropconversion.html"
>DROP CONVERSION</A
> -- remove a conversion</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-dropdatabase.html"
>DROP DATABASE</A
> -- remove a database</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-dropdomain.html"
>DROP DOMAIN</A
> -- remove a domain</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-dropextension.html"
>DROP EXTENSION</A
> -- remove an extension</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-dropforeigndatawrapper.html"
>DROP FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER</A
> -- remove a foreign-data wrapper</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-dropforeigntable.html"
>DROP FOREIGN TABLE</A
> -- remove a foreign table</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-dropfunction.html"
>DROP FUNCTION</A
> -- remove a function</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-dropgroup.html"
>DROP GROUP</A
> -- remove a database role</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-dropindex.html"
>DROP INDEX</A
> -- remove an index</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-droplanguage.html"
>DROP LANGUAGE</A
> -- remove a procedural language</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-dropoperator.html"
>DROP OPERATOR</A
> -- remove an operator</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-dropopclass.html"
>DROP OPERATOR CLASS</A
> -- remove an operator class</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-dropopfamily.html"
>DROP OPERATOR FAMILY</A
> -- remove an operator family</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-drop-owned.html"
>DROP OWNED</A
> -- remove database objects owned by a database role</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-droprole.html"
>DROP ROLE</A
> -- remove a database role</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-droprule.html"
>DROP RULE</A
> -- remove a rewrite rule</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-dropschema.html"
>DROP SCHEMA</A
> -- remove a schema</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-dropsequence.html"
>DROP SEQUENCE</A
> -- remove a sequence</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-dropserver.html"
>DROP SERVER</A
> -- remove a foreign server descriptor</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-droptable.html"
>DROP TABLE</A
> -- remove a table</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-droptablespace.html"
>DROP TABLESPACE</A
> -- remove a tablespace</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-droptsconfig.html"
>DROP TEXT SEARCH CONFIGURATION</A
> -- remove a text search configuration</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-droptsdictionary.html"
>DROP TEXT SEARCH DICTIONARY</A
> -- remove a text search dictionary</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-droptsparser.html"
>DROP TEXT SEARCH PARSER</A
> -- remove a text search parser</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-droptstemplate.html"
>DROP TEXT SEARCH TEMPLATE</A
> -- remove a text search template</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-droptrigger.html"
>DROP TRIGGER</A
> -- remove a trigger</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-droptype.html"
>DROP TYPE</A
> -- remove a data type</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-dropuser.html"
>DROP USER</A
> -- remove a database role</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-dropusermapping.html"
>DROP USER MAPPING</A
> -- remove a user mapping for a foreign server</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-dropview.html"
>DROP VIEW</A
> -- remove a view</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-end.html"
>END</A
> -- commit the current transaction</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-execute.html"
>EXECUTE</A
> -- execute a prepared statement</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-explain.html"
>EXPLAIN</A
> -- show the execution plan of a statement</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-fetch.html"
>FETCH</A
> -- retrieve rows from a query using a cursor</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-grant.html"
>GRANT</A
> -- define access privileges</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-insert.html"
>INSERT</A
> -- create new rows in a table</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-listen.html"
>LISTEN</A
> -- listen for a notification</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-load.html"
>LOAD</A
> -- load a shared library file</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-lock.html"
>LOCK</A
> -- lock a table</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-move.html"
>MOVE</A
> -- position a cursor</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-notify.html"
>NOTIFY</A
> -- generate a notification</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-prepare.html"
>PREPARE</A
> -- prepare a statement for execution</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-prepare-transaction.html"
>PREPARE TRANSACTION</A
> -- prepare the current transaction for two-phase commit</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-reassign-owned.html"
>REASSIGN OWNED</A
> -- change the ownership of database objects owned by a database role</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-reindex.html"
>REINDEX</A
> -- rebuild indexes</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-release-savepoint.html"
>RELEASE SAVEPOINT</A
> -- destroy a previously defined savepoint</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-reset.html"
>RESET</A
> -- restore the value of a run-time parameter to the default value</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-revoke.html"
>REVOKE</A
> -- remove access privileges</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-rollback.html"
>ROLLBACK</A
> -- abort the current transaction</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-rollback-prepared.html"
>ROLLBACK PREPARED</A
> -- cancel a transaction that was earlier prepared for two-phase commit</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-rollback-to.html"
>ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT</A
> -- roll back to a savepoint</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-savepoint.html"
>SAVEPOINT</A
> -- define a new savepoint within the current transaction</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-security-label.html"
>SECURITY LABEL</A
> -- define or change a security label applied to an object</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-select.html"
>SELECT</A
> -- retrieve rows from a table or view</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-selectinto.html"
>SELECT INTO</A
> -- define a new table from the results of a query</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-set.html"
>SET</A
> -- change a run-time parameter</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-set-constraints.html"
>SET CONSTRAINTS</A
> -- set constraint check timing for the current transaction</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-set-role.html"
>SET ROLE</A
> -- set the current user identifier of the current session</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-set-session-authorization.html"
>SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION</A
> -- set the session user identifier and the current user identifier of the current session</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-set-transaction.html"
>SET TRANSACTION</A
> -- set the characteristics of the current transaction</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-show.html"
>SHOW</A
> -- show the value of a run-time parameter</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-start-transaction.html"
>START TRANSACTION</A
> -- start a transaction block</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-truncate.html"
>TRUNCATE</A
> -- empty a table or set of tables</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-unlisten.html"
>UNLISTEN</A
> -- stop listening for a notification</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-update.html"
>UPDATE</A
> -- update rows of a table</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-vacuum.html"
>VACUUM</A
> -- garbage-collect and optionally analyze a database</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sql-values.html"
>VALUES</A
> -- compute a set of rows</DT
></DL
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