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><DIV
CLASS="SECT1"
><H1
CLASS="SECT1"
><A
NAME="INSTALLATION-PLATFORM-NOTES"
>15.7. Platform-specific Notes</A
></H1
><P
> This section documents additional platform-specific issues
regarding the installation and setup of PostgreSQL. Be sure to
read the installation instructions, and in
particular <A
HREF="install-requirements.html"
>Section 15.2</A
> as well. Also,
check
<A
HREF="regress.html"
>Chapter 30</A
> regarding the
interpretation of regression test results.
</P
><P
> Platforms that are not covered here have no known platform-specific
installation issues.
</P
><DIV
CLASS="SECT2"
><H2
CLASS="SECT2"
><A
NAME="INSTALLATION-NOTES-AIX"
>15.7.1. AIX</A
></H2
><P
> PostgreSQL works on AIX, but getting it installed properly can be
challenging. AIX versions from 4.3.3 to 6.1 are considered supported.
You can use GCC or the native IBM compiler <TT
CLASS="COMMAND"
>xlc</TT
>. In
general, using recent versions of AIX and PostgreSQL helps. Check
the build farm for up to date information about which versions of
AIX are known to work.
</P
><P
> The minimum recommended fix levels for supported AIX versions are:
</P
><P
></P
><DIV
CLASS="VARIABLELIST"
><DL
><DT
>AIX 4.3.3</DT
><DD
><P
>Maintenance Level 11 + post ML11 bundle</P
></DD
><DT
>AIX 5.1</DT
><DD
><P
>Maintenance Level 9 + post ML9 bundle</P
></DD
><DT
>AIX 5.2</DT
><DD
><P
>Technology Level 10 Service Pack 3</P
></DD
><DT
>AIX 5.3</DT
><DD
><P
>Technology Level 7</P
></DD
><DT
>AIX 6.1</DT
><DD
><P
>Base Level</P
></DD
></DL
></DIV
><P
> To check your current fix level, use
<TT
CLASS="COMMAND"
>oslevel -r</TT
> in AIX 4.3.3 to AIX 5.2 ML 7, or
<TT
CLASS="COMMAND"
>oslevel -s</TT
> in later versions.
</P
><P
> Use the following <TT
CLASS="COMMAND"
>configure</TT
> flags in addition
to your own if you have installed Readline or libz in
<TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>/usr/local</TT
>:
<TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>--with-includes=/usr/local/include
--with-libraries=/usr/local/lib</TT
>.
</P
><DIV
CLASS="SECT3"
><H3
CLASS="SECT3"
><A
NAME="AEN25582"
>15.7.1.1. GCC Issues</A
></H3
><P
> On AIX 5.3, there have been some problems getting PostgreSQL to
compile and run using GCC.
</P
><P
> You will want to use a version of GCC subsequent to 3.3.2,
particularly if you use a prepackaged version. We had good
success with 4.0.1. Problems with earlier versions seem to have
more to do with the way IBM packaged GCC than with actual issues
with GCC, so that if you compile GCC yourself, you might well
have success with an earlier version of GCC.
</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="SECT3"
><H3
CLASS="SECT3"
><A
NAME="AEN25586"
>15.7.1.2. Unix-Domain Sockets Broken</A
></H3
><P
> AIX 5.3 has a problem
where <TT
CLASS="STRUCTNAME"
>sockaddr_storage</TT
> is not defined to
be large enough. In version 5.3, IBM increased the size of
<TT
CLASS="STRUCTNAME"
>sockaddr_un</TT
>, the address structure for
Unix-domain sockets, but did not correspondingly increase the
size of <TT
CLASS="STRUCTNAME"
>sockaddr_storage</TT
>. The result of
this is that attempts to use Unix-domain sockets with PostgreSQL
lead to libpq overflowing the data structure. TCP/IP connections
work OK, but not Unix-domain sockets, which prevents the
regression tests from working.
</P
><P
> The problem was reported to IBM, and is recorded as bug report
PMR29657. If you upgrade to maintenance level 5300-03 or later,
that will include this fix. A quick workaround
is to alter <TT
CLASS="SYMBOL"
>_SS_MAXSIZE</TT
> to 1025 in
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>/usr/include/sys/socket.h</TT
>. In either case,
recompile PostgreSQL once you have the corrected header file.
</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="SECT3"
><H3
CLASS="SECT3"
><A
NAME="AEN25595"
>15.7.1.3. Internet Address Issues</A
></H3
><P
> PostgreSQL relies on the system's <CODE
CLASS="FUNCTION"
>getaddrinfo</CODE
> function
to parse IP addresses in <TT
CLASS="VARNAME"
>listen_addresses</TT
>,
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>pg_hba.conf</TT
>, etc. Older versions of AIX have assorted
bugs in this function. If you have problems related to these settings,
updating to the appropriate AIX fix level shown above
should take care of it.
</P
><P
> One user reports:
</P
><P
> When implementing PostgreSQL version 8.1 on AIX 5.3, we
periodically ran into problems where the statistics collector
would <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"mysteriously"</SPAN
> not come up successfully. This
appears to be the result of unexpected behavior in the IPv6
implementation. It looks like PostgreSQL and IPv6 do not play
very well together on AIX 5.3.
</P
><P
> Any of the following actions <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"fix"</SPAN
> the problem.
<P
></P
></P><UL
><LI
><P
> Delete the IPv6 address for localhost:
</P><PRE
CLASS="SCREEN"
>(as root)
# ifconfig lo0 inet6 ::1/0 delete</PRE
><P>
</P
></LI
><LI
><P
> Remove IPv6 from net services. The
file <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>/etc/netsvc.conf</TT
> on AIX is roughly
equivalent to <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>/etc/nsswitch.conf</TT
> on
Solaris/Linux. The default, on AIX, is thus:
</P><PRE
CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
>hosts=local,bind</PRE
><P>
Replace this with:
</P><PRE
CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
>hosts=local4,bind4</PRE
><P>
to deactivate searching for IPv6 addresses.
</P
></LI
></UL
><P>
</P
><DIV
CLASS="WARNING"
><P
></P
><TABLE
CLASS="WARNING"
BORDER="1"
WIDTH="100%"
><TR
><TD
ALIGN="CENTER"
><B
>Warning</B
></TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
><P
> This is really a workaround for problems relating
to immaturity of IPv6 support, which improved visibly during the
course of AIX 5.3 releases. It has worked with AIX version 5.3,
but does not represent an elegant solution to the problem. It has
been reported that this workaround is not only unnecessary, but
causes problems on AIX 6.1, where IPv6 support has become more mature.
</P
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
></DIV
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="SECT3"
><H3
CLASS="SECT3"
><A
NAME="AEN25618"
>15.7.1.4. Memory Management</A
></H3
><P
> AIX can be somewhat peculiar with regards to the way it does
memory management. You can have a server with many multiples of
gigabytes of RAM free, but still get out of memory or address
space errors when running applications. One example
is <TT
CLASS="COMMAND"
>createlang</TT
> failing with unusual errors.
For example, running as the owner of the PostgreSQL installation:
</P><PRE
CLASS="SCREEN"
>-bash-3.00$ createlang plperl template1
createlang: language installation failed: ERROR: could not load library "/opt/dbs/pgsql748/lib/plperl.so": A memory address is not in the address space for the process.</PRE
><P>
Running as a non-owner in the group possessing the PostgreSQL
installation:
</P><PRE
CLASS="SCREEN"
>-bash-3.00$ createlang plperl template1
createlang: language installation failed: ERROR: could not load library "/opt/dbs/pgsql748/lib/plperl.so": Bad address</PRE
><P>
Another example is out of memory errors in the PostgreSQL server
logs, with every memory allocation near or greater than 256 MB
failing.
</P
><P
> The overall cause of all these problems is the default bittedness
and memory model used by the server process. By default, all
binaries built on AIX are 32-bit. This does not depend upon
hardware type or kernel in use. These 32-bit processes are
limited to 4 GB of memory laid out in 256 MB segments using one
of a few models. The default allows for less than 256 MB in the
heap as it shares a single segment with the stack.
</P
><P
> In the case of the <TT
CLASS="COMMAND"
>createlang</TT
> example, above,
check your umask and the permissions of the binaries in your
PostgreSQL installation. The binaries involved in that example
were 32-bit and installed as mode 750 instead of 755. Due to the
permissions being set in this fashion, only the owner or a member
of the possessing group can load the library. Since it isn't
world-readable, the loader places the object into the process'
heap instead of the shared library segments where it would
otherwise be placed.
</P
><P
> The <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"ideal"</SPAN
> solution for this is to use a 64-bit
build of PostgreSQL, but that is not always practical, because
systems with 32-bit processors can build, but not run, 64-bit
binaries.
</P
><P
> If a 32-bit binary is desired, set <TT
CLASS="SYMBOL"
>LDR_CNTRL</TT
> to
<TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>MAXDATA=0x<TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>n</I
></TT
>0000000</TT
>,
where 1 <= n <= 8, before starting the PostgreSQL server,
and try different values and <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>postgresql.conf</TT
>
settings to find a configuration that works satisfactorily. This
use of <TT
CLASS="SYMBOL"
>LDR_CNTRL</TT
> tells AIX that you want the
server to have <TT
CLASS="SYMBOL"
>MAXDATA</TT
> bytes set aside for the
heap, allocated in 256 MB segments. When you find a workable
configuration,
<TT
CLASS="COMMAND"
>ldedit</TT
> can be used to modify the binaries so
that they default to using the desired heap size. PostgreSQL can
also be rebuilt, passing <TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>configure
LDFLAGS="-Wl,-bmaxdata:0x<TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>n</I
></TT
>0000000"</TT
>
to achieve the same effect.
</P
><P
> For a 64-bit build, set <TT
CLASS="ENVAR"
>OBJECT_MODE</TT
> to 64 and
pass <TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>CC="gcc -maix64"</TT
>
and <TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>LDFLAGS="-Wl,-bbigtoc"</TT
>
to <TT
CLASS="COMMAND"
>configure</TT
>. (Options for
<TT
CLASS="COMMAND"
>xlc</TT
> might differ.) If you omit the export of
<TT
CLASS="ENVAR"
>OBJECT_MODE</TT
>, your build may fail with linker errors. When
<TT
CLASS="ENVAR"
>OBJECT_MODE</TT
> is set, it tells AIX's build utilities
such as <TT
CLASS="COMMAND"
>ar</TT
>, <TT
CLASS="COMMAND"
>as</TT
>, and <TT
CLASS="COMMAND"
>ld</TT
> what
type of objects to default to handling.
</P
><P
> By default, overcommit of paging space can happen. While we have
not seen this occur, AIX will kill processes when it runs out of
memory and the overcommit is accessed. The closest to this that
we have seen is fork failing because the system decided that
there was not enough memory for another process. Like many other
parts of AIX, the paging space allocation method and
out-of-memory kill is configurable on a system- or process-wide
basis if this becomes a problem.
</P
><H3
><A
NAME="AEN25651"
>References and Resources</A
></H3
><DIV
CLASS="BIBLIOENTRY"
><A
NAME="AEN25653"
></A
><P
>"<A
HREF="http://publib.boulder.ibm.com/infocenter/pseries/topic/com.ibm.aix.doc/aixprggd/genprogc/lrg_prg_support.htm"
TARGET="_top"
>Large Program Support</A
>", <I
>AIX Documentation: General Programming Concepts: Writing and Debugging Programs</I
>.</P
><DIV
CLASS="BIBLIOENTRYBLOCK"
STYLE="margin-left: 0.5in"
></DIV
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="BIBLIOENTRY"
><A
NAME="AEN25659"
></A
><P
>"<A
HREF="http://publib.boulder.ibm.com/infocenter/pseries/topic/com.ibm.aix.doc/aixprggd/genprogc/address_space.htm"
TARGET="_top"
>Program Address Space Overview</A
>", <I
>AIX Documentation: General Programming Concepts: Writing and Debugging Programs</I
>.</P
><DIV
CLASS="BIBLIOENTRYBLOCK"
STYLE="margin-left: 0.5in"
></DIV
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="BIBLIOENTRY"
><A
NAME="AEN25665"
></A
><P
>"<A
HREF="http://publib.boulder.ibm.com/infocenter/pseries/v5r3/topic/com.ibm.aix.doc/aixbman/prftungd/resmgmt2.htm"
TARGET="_top"
>Performance Overview of the Virtual Memory Manager (VMM)</A
>", <I
>AIX Documentation: Performance Management Guide</I
>.</P
><DIV
CLASS="BIBLIOENTRYBLOCK"
STYLE="margin-left: 0.5in"
></DIV
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="BIBLIOENTRY"
><A
NAME="AEN25671"
></A
><P
>"<A
HREF="http://publib.boulder.ibm.com/infocenter/pseries/v5r3/topic/com.ibm.aix.doc/aixbman/prftungd/memperf7.htm"
TARGET="_top"
>Page Space Allocation</A
>", <I
>AIX Documentation: Performance Management Guide</I
>.</P
><DIV
CLASS="BIBLIOENTRYBLOCK"
STYLE="margin-left: 0.5in"
></DIV
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="BIBLIOENTRY"
><A
NAME="AEN25677"
></A
><P
>"<A
HREF="http://publib.boulder.ibm.com/infocenter/pseries/v5r3/topic/com.ibm.aix.doc/aixbman/prftungd/memperf6.htm"
TARGET="_top"
>Paging-space thresholds tuning</A
>", <I
>AIX Documentation: Performance Management Guide</I
>.</P
><DIV
CLASS="BIBLIOENTRYBLOCK"
STYLE="margin-left: 0.5in"
></DIV
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="BIBLIOENTRY"
><A
NAME="AEN25683"
></A
><P
><I
><A
HREF="http://www.redbooks.ibm.com/abstracts/sg245674.html?Open"
TARGET="_top"
>Developing and Porting C and C++ Applications on AIX</A
></I
>, IBM Redbook.</P
><DIV
CLASS="BIBLIOENTRYBLOCK"
STYLE="margin-left: 0.5in"
></DIV
></DIV
></DIV
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="SECT2"
><H2
CLASS="SECT2"
><A
NAME="INSTALLATION-NOTES-CYGWIN"
>15.7.2. Cygwin</A
></H2
><P
> PostgreSQL can be built using Cygwin, a Linux-like environment for
Windows, but that method is inferior to the native Windows build
(see <A
HREF="install-windows.html"
>Chapter 16</A
>) and
running a server under Cygwin is no longer recommended.
</P
><P
> When building from source, proceed according to the normal
installation procedure (i.e., <TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>./configure;
make</TT
>; etc.), noting the following-Cygwin specific
differences:
<P
></P
></P><UL
><LI
><P
> Set your path to use the Cygwin bin directory before the
Windows utilities. This will help prevent problems with
compilation.
</P
></LI
><LI
><P
> The GNU make command is called <TT
CLASS="COMMAND"
>make</TT
>, not <TT
CLASS="COMMAND"
>gmake</TT
>.
</P
></LI
><LI
><P
> The <TT
CLASS="COMMAND"
>adduser</TT
> command is not supported; use
the appropriate user management application on Windows NT,
2000, or XP. Otherwise, skip this step.
</P
></LI
><LI
><P
> The <TT
CLASS="COMMAND"
>su</TT
> command is not supported; use ssh to
simulate su on Windows NT, 2000, or XP. Otherwise, skip this
step.
</P
></LI
><LI
><P
> OpenSSL is not supported.
</P
></LI
><LI
><P
> Start <TT
CLASS="COMMAND"
>cygserver</TT
> for shared memory support.
To do this, enter the command <TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>/usr/sbin/cygserver
&</TT
>. This program needs to be running anytime you
start the PostgreSQL server or initialize a database cluster
(<TT
CLASS="COMMAND"
>initdb</TT
>). The
default <TT
CLASS="COMMAND"
>cygserver</TT
> configuration may need to
be changed (e.g., increase <TT
CLASS="SYMBOL"
>SEMMNS</TT
>) to prevent
PostgreSQL from failing due to a lack of system resources.
</P
></LI
><LI
><P
> Building might fail on some systems where a locale other than
C is in use. To fix this, set the locale to C by doing
<TT
CLASS="COMMAND"
>export LANG=C.utf8</TT
> before building, and then
setting it back to the previous setting, after you have installed
PostgreSQL.
</P
></LI
><LI
><P
> The parallel regression tests (<TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>make check</TT
>)
can generate spurious regression test failures due to
overflowing the <CODE
CLASS="FUNCTION"
>listen()</CODE
> backlog queue
which causes connection refused errors or hangs. You can limit
the number of connections using the make
variable <TT
CLASS="VARNAME"
>MAX_CONNECTIONS</TT
> thus:
</P><PRE
CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
>make MAX_CONNECTIONS=5 check</PRE
><P>
(On some systems you can have up to about 10 simultaneous
connections).
</P
></LI
></UL
><P>
</P
><P
> It is possible to install <TT
CLASS="COMMAND"
>cygserver</TT
> and the
PostgreSQL server as Windows NT services. For information on how
to do this, please refer to the <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>README</TT
>
document included with the PostgreSQL binary package on Cygwin.
It is installed in the
directory <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>/usr/share/doc/Cygwin</TT
>.
</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="SECT2"
><H2
CLASS="SECT2"
><A
NAME="INSTALLATION-NOTES-HPUX"
>15.7.3. HP-UX</A
></H2
><P
> PostgreSQL 7.3+ should work on Series 700/800 PA-RISC machines
running HP-UX 10.X or 11.X, given appropriate system patch levels
and build tools. At least one developer routinely tests on HP-UX
10.20, and we have reports of successful installations on HP-UX
11.00 and 11.11.
</P
><P
> Aside from the PostgreSQL source distribution, you will need GNU
make (HP's make will not do), and either GCC or HP's full ANSI C
compiler. If you intend to build from Git sources rather than a
distribution tarball, you will also need Flex (GNU lex) and Bison
(GNU yacc). We also recommend making sure you are fairly
up-to-date on HP patches. At a minimum, if you are building 64
bit binaries on HP-UX 11.11 you may need PHSS_30966 (11.11) or a
successor patch otherwise <TT
CLASS="COMMAND"
>initdb</TT
> may hang:
<P
CLASS="LITERALLAYOUT"
>PHSS_30966 s700_800 ld(1) and linker tools cumulative patch</P
>
On general principles you should be current on libc and ld/dld
patches, as well as compiler patches if you are using HP's C
compiler. See HP's support sites such
as <A
HREF="http://itrc.hp.com"
TARGET="_top"
>http://itrc.hp.com</A
> and
<A
HREF="ftp://us-ffs.external.hp.com/"
TARGET="_top"
>ftp://us-ffs.external.hp.com/</A
> for free
copies of their latest patches.
</P
><P
> If you are building on a PA-RISC 2.0 machine and want to have
64-bit binaries using GCC, you must use GCC 64-bit version. GCC
binaries for HP-UX PA-RISC and Itanium are available from
<A
HREF="http://www.hp.com/go/gcc"
TARGET="_top"
>http://www.hp.com/go/gcc</A
>. Don't forget to
get and install binutils at the same time.
</P
><P
> If you are building on a PA-RISC 2.0 machine and want the compiled
binaries to run on PA-RISC 1.1 machines you will need to specify
<TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>+DAportable</TT
> in <TT
CLASS="ENVAR"
>CFLAGS</TT
>.
</P
><P
> If you are building on a HP-UX Itanium machine, you will need the
latest HP ANSI C compiler with its dependent patch or successor
patches:
<P
CLASS="LITERALLAYOUT"
>PHSS_30848 s700_800 HP C Compiler (A.05.57)<br>
PHSS_30849 s700_800 u2comp/be/plugin library Patch</P
>
</P
><P
> If you have both HP's C compiler and GCC's, then you might want to
explicitly select the compiler to use when you
run <TT
CLASS="COMMAND"
>configure</TT
>:
</P><PRE
CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
>./configure CC=cc</PRE
><P>
for HP's C compiler, or
</P><PRE
CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
>./configure CC=gcc</PRE
><P>
for GCC. If you omit this setting, then configure will
pick <TT
CLASS="COMMAND"
>gcc</TT
> if it has a choice.
</P
><P
> The default install target location
is <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>/usr/local/pgsql</TT
>, which you might want to
change to something under <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>/opt</TT
>. If so, use
the
<TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>--prefix</TT
> switch to <TT
CLASS="COMMAND"
>configure</TT
>.
</P
><P
> In the regression tests, there might be some low-order-digit
differences in the geometry tests, which vary depending on which
compiler and math library versions you use. Any other error is
cause for suspicion.
</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="SECT2"
><H2
CLASS="SECT2"
><A
NAME="INSTALLATION-NOTES-IRIX"
>15.7.4. IRIX</A
></H2
><P
> PostgreSQL has been reported to run successfully on MIPS r8000,
r10000 (both ip25 and ip27) and r12000(ip35) processors, running
IRIX 6.5.5m, 6.5.12, 6.5.13, and 6.5.26 with MIPSPro compilers
version 7.30, 7.3.1.2m, 7.3, and 7.4.4m.
</P
><P
> You will need the MIPSPro full ANSI C compiler. There are
problems trying to build with GCC. It is a known GCC bug (not
fixed as of version 3.0) related to using functions that return
certain kinds of structures. This bug affects functions like
<CODE
CLASS="FUNCTION"
>inet_ntoa</CODE
>, <CODE
CLASS="FUNCTION"
>inet_lnaof</CODE
>, <CODE
CLASS="FUNCTION"
>inet_netof</CODE
>, <CODE
CLASS="FUNCTION"
>inet_makeaddr</CODE
>,
and <CODE
CLASS="FUNCTION"
>semctl</CODE
>. It is supposed to be fixed by forcing
code to link those functions with libgcc, but this has not been
tested yet.
</P
><P
> It is known that version 7.4.1m of the MIPSPro compiler generates
incorrect code. The symptom is <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"invalid primary checkpoint
record"</SPAN
> when trying to start the database.) Version 7.4.4m
is OK; the status of intermediate versions is uncertain.
</P
><P
> There may be a compilation problem like the following:
</P><PRE
CLASS="SCREEN"
>cc-1020 cc: ERROR File = pqcomm.c, Line = 427
The identifier "TCP_NODELAY" is undefined.
if (setsockopt(port->sock, IPPROTO_TCP, TCP_NODELAY,</PRE
><P>
Some versions include TCP definitions
in <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>sys/xti.h</TT
>, so it is necessary to
add <TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>#include <sys/xti.h></TT
>
in <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>src/backend/libpq/pqcomm.c</TT
> and in
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>src/interfaces/libpq/fe-connect.c</TT
>. If you encounter
this, please let us know so we can develop a proper fix.
</P
><P
> In the regression tests, there might be some low-order-digit
differences in the geometry tests, depending on which FPU are you
using. Any other error is cause for suspicion.
</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="SECT2"
><H2
CLASS="SECT2"
><A
NAME="INSTALLATION-NOTES-MINGW"
>15.7.5. MinGW/Native Windows</A
></H2
><P
> PostgreSQL for Windows can be built using MinGW, a Unix-like build
environment for Microsoft operating systems, or using
Microsoft's <SPAN
CLASS="PRODUCTNAME"
>Visual C++</SPAN
> compiler suite.
The MinGW build variant uses the normal build system described in
this chapter; the Visual C++ build works completely differently
and is described in <A
HREF="install-windows.html"
>Chapter 16</A
>.
It is a fully native build and uses no additional software like
MinGW. A ready-made installer is available on the main
PostgreSQL web site.
</P
><P
> The native Windows port requires a 32 or 64-bit version of Windows
2000 or later. Earlier operating systems do
not have sufficient infrastructure (but Cygwin may be used on
those). MinGW, the Unix-like build tools, and MSYS, a collection
of Unix tools required to run shell scripts
like <TT
CLASS="COMMAND"
>configure</TT
>, can be downloaded
from <A
HREF="http://www.mingw.org/"
TARGET="_top"
>http://www.mingw.org/</A
>. Neither is
required to run the resulting binaries; they are needed only for
creating the binaries.
</P
><P
> To build 64 bit binaries using MinGW, install the 64 bit tool set
from <A
HREF="http://mingw-w64.sourceforge.net/"
TARGET="_top"
>http://mingw-w64.sourceforge.net/</A
>, put its bin
directory in the <TT
CLASS="ENVAR"
>PATH</TT
>, and run
<TT
CLASS="COMMAND"
>configure</TT
> with the
<TT
CLASS="COMMAND"
>--host=x86_64-w64-mingw32</TT
> option.
</P
><P
> After you have everything installed, it is suggested that you
run <SPAN
CLASS="APPLICATION"
>psql</SPAN
>
under <TT
CLASS="COMMAND"
>CMD.EXE</TT
>, as the MSYS console has
buffering issues.
</P
><DIV
CLASS="SECT3"
><H3
CLASS="SECT3"
><A
NAME="WINDOWS-CRASH-DUMPS"
>15.7.5.1. Collecting Crash Dumps on Windows</A
></H3
><P
> If PostgreSQL on Windows crashes, it has the ability to generate
<SPAN
CLASS="PRODUCTNAME"
>minidumps</SPAN
> that can be used to track down the cause
for the crash, similar to core dumps on Unix. These dumps can be
read using the <SPAN
CLASS="PRODUCTNAME"
>Windows Debugger Tools</SPAN
> or using
<SPAN
CLASS="PRODUCTNAME"
>Visual Studio</SPAN
>. To enable the generation of dumps
on Windows, create a subdirectory named <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>crashdumps</TT
>
inside the cluster data directory. The dumps will then be written
into this directory with a unique name based on the identifier of
the crashing process and the current time of the crash.
</P
></DIV
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="SECT2"
><H2
CLASS="SECT2"
><A
NAME="INSTALLATION-NOTES-SCO"
>15.7.6. SCO OpenServer and SCO UnixWare</A
></H2
><P
> PostgreSQL can be built on SCO UnixWare 7 and SCO OpenServer 5.
On OpenServer, you can use either the OpenServer Development Kit
or the Universal Development Kit. However, some tweaking may be
needed, as described below.
</P
><DIV
CLASS="SECT3"
><H3
CLASS="SECT3"
><A
NAME="AEN25817"
>15.7.6.1. Skunkware</A
></H3
><P
> You should locate your copy of the SCO Skunkware CD. The
Skunkware CD is included with UnixWare 7 and current versions of
OpenServer 5. Skunkware includes ready-to-install versions of
many popular programs that are available on the Internet. For
example, gzip, gunzip, GNU Make, Flex, and Bison are all
included. For UnixWare 7.1, this CD is now labeled "Open License
Software Supplement". If you do not have this CD, the software
on it is available
from <A
HREF="http://www.sco.com/skunkware/"
TARGET="_top"
>http://www.sco.com/skunkware/</A
>.
</P
><P
> Skunkware has different versions for UnixWare and OpenServer.
Make sure you install the correct version for your operating
system, except as noted below.
</P
><P
> On UnixWare 7.1.3 and beyond, the GCC compiler is included on the
UDK CD as is GNU Make.
</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="SECT3"
><H3
CLASS="SECT3"
><A
NAME="AEN25823"
>15.7.6.2. GNU Make</A
></H3
><P
> You need to use the GNU Make program, which is on the Skunkware
CD. By default, it installs
as <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>/usr/local/bin/make</TT
>. To avoid confusion
with the SCO <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>make</TT
> program, you may want to rename GNU <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>make</TT
> to
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>gmake</TT
>.
</P
><P
> As of UnixWare 7.1.3 and above, the GNU Make program is the
OSTK portion of the UDK CD, and is
in <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>/usr/gnu/bin/gmake</TT
>.
</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="SECT3"
><H3
CLASS="SECT3"
><A
NAME="AEN25832"
>15.7.6.3. Readline</A
></H3
><P
> The Readline library is on the Skunkware CD. But it is not
included on the UnixWare 7.1 Skunkware CD. If you have the
UnixWare 7.0.0 or 7.0.1 Skunkware CDs, you can install it from
there. Otherwise,
try <A
HREF="http://www.sco.com/skunkware/"
TARGET="_top"
>http://www.sco.com/skunkware/</A
>.
</P
><P
> By default, Readline installs into <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>/usr/local/lib</TT
> and
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>/usr/local/include</TT
>. However, the
PostgreSQL <TT
CLASS="COMMAND"
>configure</TT
> program will not find it
there without help. If you installed Readline, then use the
following options to <TT
CLASS="COMMAND"
>configure</TT
>:
</P><PRE
CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
>./configure --with-libraries=/usr/local/lib --with-includes=/usr/local/include</PRE
><P>
</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="SECT3"
><H3
CLASS="SECT3"
><A
NAME="AEN25842"
>15.7.6.4. Using the UDK on OpenServer</A
></H3
><P
> If you are using the new Universal Development Kit (UDK) compiler
on OpenServer, you need to specify the locations of the UDK
libraries:
</P><PRE
CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
>./configure --with-libraries=/udk/usr/lib --with-includes=/udk/usr/include</PRE
><P>
Putting these together with the Readline options from above:
</P><PRE
CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
>./configure --with-libraries="/udk/usr/lib /usr/local/lib" --with-includes="/udk/usr/include /usr/local/include"</PRE
><P>
</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="SECT3"
><H3
CLASS="SECT3"
><A
NAME="AEN25847"
>15.7.6.5. Reading the PostgreSQL Man Pages</A
></H3
><P
> By default, the PostgreSQL man pages are installed into
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>/usr/local/pgsql/share/man</TT
>. By default, UnixWare
does not look there for man pages. To be able to read them you
need to modify the
<TT
CLASS="VARNAME"
>MANPATH</TT
> variable
in <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>/etc/default/man</TT
>, for example:
</P><PRE
CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
>MANPATH=/usr/lib/scohelp/%L/man:/usr/dt/man:/usr/man:/usr/share/man:scohelp:/usr/local/man:/usr/local/pgsql/share/man</PRE
><P>
</P
><P
> On OpenServer, some extra research needs to be invested to make
the man pages usable, because the man system is a bit different
from other platforms. Currently, PostgreSQL will not install
them at all.
</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="SECT3"
><H3
CLASS="SECT3"
><A
NAME="AEN25855"
>15.7.6.6. C99 Issues with the 7.1.1b Feature Supplement</A
></H3
><P
> For compilers earlier than the one released with OpenUNIX 8.0.0
(UnixWare 7.1.2), including the 7.1.1b Feature Supplement, you
may need to specify <TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>-Xb</TT
>
in <TT
CLASS="VARNAME"
>CFLAGS</TT
> or the <TT
CLASS="VARNAME"
>CC</TT
>
environment variable. The indication of this is an error in
compiling <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>tuplesort.c</TT
> referencing inline
functions. Apparently there was a change in the 7.1.2(8.0.0)
compiler and beyond.
</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="SECT3"
><H3
CLASS="SECT3"
><A
NAME="AEN25862"
>15.7.6.7. Threading on UnixWare</A
></H3
><P
> For threading, you<SPAN
CLASS="emphasis"
><I
CLASS="EMPHASIS"
>must</I
></SPAN
> use <TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>-Kpthread</TT
>
on <SPAN
CLASS="emphasis"
><I
CLASS="EMPHASIS"
>all</I
></SPAN
> libpq-using programs. libpq
uses <CODE
CLASS="FUNCTION"
>pthread_*</CODE
> calls, which are only
available with the
<TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>-Kpthread</TT
>/<TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>-Kthread</TT
> flag.
</P
></DIV
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="SECT2"
><H2
CLASS="SECT2"
><A
NAME="INSTALLATION-NOTES-SOLARIS"
>15.7.7. Solaris</A
></H2
><P
> PostgreSQL is well-supported on Solaris. The more up to date your
operating system, the fewer issues you will experience; details
below.
</P
><DIV
CLASS="SECT3"
><H3
CLASS="SECT3"
><A
NAME="AEN25877"
>15.7.7.1. Required Tools</A
></H3
><P
> You can build with either GCC or Sun's compiler suite. For
better code optimization, Sun's compiler is strongly recommended
on the SPARC architecture. We have heard reports of problems
when using GCC 2.95.1; GCC 2.95.3 or later is recommended. If
you are using Sun's compiler, be careful not to select
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>/usr/ucb/cc</TT
>;
use <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>/opt/SUNWspro/bin/cc</TT
>.
</P
><P
> You can download Sun Studio
from <A
HREF="http://developers.sun.com/sunstudio/downloads/"
TARGET="_top"
>http://developers.sun.com/sunstudio/downloads/</A
>.
Many of GNU tools are integrated into Solaris 10, or they are
present on the Solaris companion CD. If you like packages for
older version of Solaris, you can find these tools
at <A
HREF="http://www.sunfreeware.com"
TARGET="_top"
>http://www.sunfreeware.com</A
>
or <A
HREF="http://www.blastwave.org"
TARGET="_top"
>http://www.blastwave.org</A
>. If you prefer
sources, look
at <A
HREF="http://www.gnu.org/order/ftp.html"
TARGET="_top"
>http://www.gnu.org/order/ftp.html</A
>.
</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="SECT3"
><H3
CLASS="SECT3"
><A
NAME="AEN25887"
>15.7.7.2. Problems with OpenSSL</A
></H3
><P
> When you build PostgreSQL with OpenSSL support you might get
compilation errors in the following files:
<P
></P
></P><UL
><LI
><P
><TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>src/backend/libpq/crypt.c</TT
></P
></LI
><LI
><P
><TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>src/backend/libpq/password.c</TT
></P
></LI
><LI
><P
><TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>src/interfaces/libpq/fe-auth.c</TT
></P
></LI
><LI
><P
><TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>src/interfaces/libpq/fe-connect.c</TT
></P
></LI
></UL
><P>
This is because of a namespace conflict between the standard
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>/usr/include/crypt.h</TT
> header and the header
files provided by OpenSSL.
</P
><P
> Upgrading your OpenSSL installation to version 0.9.6a fixes this
problem. Solaris 9 and above has a newer version of OpenSSL.
</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="SECT3"
><H3
CLASS="SECT3"
><A
NAME="AEN25905"
>15.7.7.3. configure Complains About a Failed Test Program</A
></H3
><P
> If <TT
CLASS="COMMAND"
>configure</TT
> complains about a failed test
program, this is probably a case of the run-time linker being
unable to find some library, probably libz, libreadline or some
other non-standard library such as libssl. To point it to the
right location, set the <TT
CLASS="ENVAR"
>LDFLAGS</TT
> environment
variable on the <TT
CLASS="COMMAND"
>configure</TT
> command line, e.g.,
</P><PRE
CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
>configure ... LDFLAGS="-R /usr/sfw/lib:/opt/sfw/lib:/usr/local/lib"</PRE
><P>
See
the <SPAN
CLASS="CITEREFENTRY"
><SPAN
CLASS="REFENTRYTITLE"
>ld</SPAN
></SPAN
>
man page for more information.
</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="SECT3"
><H3
CLASS="SECT3"
><A
NAME="AEN25915"
>15.7.7.4. 64-bit Build Sometimes Crashes</A
></H3
><P
> On Solaris 7 and older, the 64-bit version of libc has a buggy
<CODE
CLASS="FUNCTION"
>vsnprintf</CODE
> routine, which leads to erratic
core dumps in PostgreSQL. The simplest known workaround is to
force PostgreSQL to use its own version of <CODE
CLASS="FUNCTION"
>vsnprintf</CODE
> rather than
the library copy. To do this, after you
run <TT
CLASS="COMMAND"
>configure</TT
> edit a file produced by
<TT
CLASS="COMMAND"
>configure</TT
>:
In <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>src/Makefile.global</TT
>, change the line
</P><PRE
CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
>LIBOBJS =</PRE
><P>
to read
</P><PRE
CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
>LIBOBJS = snprintf.o</PRE
><P>
(There might be other files already listed in this variable.
Order does not matter.) Then build as usual.
</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="SECT3"
><H3
CLASS="SECT3"
><A
NAME="AEN25925"
>15.7.7.5. Compiling for Optimal Performance</A
></H3
><P
> On the SPARC architecture, Sun Studio is strongly recommended for
compilation. Try using the <TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>-xO5</TT
> optimization
flag to generate significantly faster binaries. Do not use any
flags that modify behavior of floating-point operations
and <TT
CLASS="VARNAME"
>errno</TT
> processing (e.g.,
<TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>-fast</TT
>). These flags could raise some
nonstandard PostgreSQL behavior for example in the date/time
computing.
</P
><P
> If you do not have a reason to use 64-bit binaries on SPARC,
prefer the 32-bit version. The 64-bit operations are slower and
64-bit binaries are slower than the 32-bit variants. And on
other hand, 32-bit code on the AMD64 CPU family is not native,
and that is why 32-bit code is significant slower on this CPU
family.
</P
><P
> Some tricks for tuning PostgreSQL and Solaris for performance can
be found
at <A
HREF="http://www.sun.com/servers/coolthreads/tnb/applications_postgresql.jsp"
TARGET="_top"
>http://www.sun.com/servers/coolthreads/tnb/applications_postgresql.jsp</A
>.
This article is primary focused on T2000 platform, but many of
the recommendations are also useful on other hardware with
Solaris.
</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="SECT3"
><H3
CLASS="SECT3"
><A
NAME="AEN25934"
>15.7.7.6. Using DTrace for Tracing PostgreSQL</A
></H3
><P
> Yes, using DTrace is possible. See
<A
HREF="dynamic-trace.html"
>Section 27.4</A
> for further
information. You can also find more information in this
article: <A
HREF="http://blogs.sun.com/robertlor/entry/user_level_dtrace_probes_in"
TARGET="_top"
>http://blogs.sun.com/robertlor/entry/user_level_dtrace_probes_in</A
>.
</P
><P
> If you see the linking of the <TT
CLASS="COMMAND"
>postgres</TT
> executable abort with an
error message like:
</P><PRE
CLASS="SCREEN"
>Undefined first referenced
symbol in file
AbortTransaction utils/probes.o
CommitTransaction utils/probes.o
ld: fatal: Symbol referencing errors. No output written to postgres
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
gmake: *** [postgres] Error 1</PRE
><P>
your DTrace installation is too old to handle probes in static
functions. You need Solaris 10u4 or newer.
</P
></DIV
></DIV
></DIV
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