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<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><title>6.33. pam_tally2 - login counter (tallying) module</title><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.78.1"><link rel="home" href="Linux-PAM_SAG.html" title="The Linux-PAM System Administrators' Guide"><link rel="up" href="sag-module-reference.html" title="Chapter 6. A reference guide for available modules"><link rel="prev" href="sag-pam_tally.html" title="6.32. pam_tally - login counter (tallying) module"><link rel="next" href="sag-pam_time.html" title="6.34. pam_time - time controled access"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">6.33. pam_tally2 - login counter (tallying) module</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="sag-pam_tally.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">Chapter 6. A reference guide for available modules</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="sag-pam_time.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="sag-pam_tally2"></a>6.33. pam_tally2 - login counter (tallying) module</h2></div></div></div><div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">pam_tally2.so</code> [
file=<em class="replaceable"><code>/path/to/counter</code></em>
] [
onerr=[<em class="replaceable"><code>fail</code></em>|<em class="replaceable"><code>succeed</code></em>]
] [
magic_root
] [
even_deny_root
] [
deny=<em class="replaceable"><code>n</code></em>
] [
lock_time=<em class="replaceable"><code>n</code></em>
] [
unlock_time=<em class="replaceable"><code>n</code></em>
] [
root_unlock_time=<em class="replaceable"><code>n</code></em>
] [
serialize
] [
audit
] [
silent
] [
no_log_info
]</p></div><div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">pam_tally2</code> [
--file <em class="replaceable"><code>/path/to/counter</code></em>
] [
--user <em class="replaceable"><code>username</code></em>
] [
--reset[=<em class="replaceable"><code>n</code></em>]
] [
--quiet
]</p></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="sag-pam_tally2-description"></a>6.33.1. DESCRIPTION</h3></div></div></div><p>
This module maintains a count of attempted accesses, can
reset count on success, can deny access if too many attempts fail.
</p><p>
pam_tally2 comes in two parts:
<span class="emphasis"><em>pam_tally2.so</em></span> and
<span class="command"><strong>pam_tally2</strong></span>. The former is the PAM module and
the latter, a stand-alone program. <span class="command"><strong>pam_tally2</strong></span>
is an (optional) application which can be used to interrogate and
manipulate the counter file. It can display users' counts, set
individual counts, or clear all counts. Setting artificially high
counts may be useful for blocking users without changing their
passwords. For example, one might find it useful to clear all counts
every midnight from a cron job.
</p><p>
Normally, failed attempts to access <span class="emphasis"><em>root</em></span> will
<span class="emphasis"><em>not</em></span> cause the root account to become
blocked, to prevent denial-of-service: if your users aren't given
shell accounts and root may only login via <span class="command"><strong>su</strong></span> or
at the machine console (not telnet/rsh, etc), this is safe.
</p></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="sag-pam_tally2-options"></a>6.33.2. OPTIONS</h3></div></div></div><div class="variablelist"><dl class="variablelist"><dt><span class="term">
GLOBAL OPTIONS
</span></dt><dd><p>
This can be used for <span class="emphasis"><em>auth</em></span> and
<span class="emphasis"><em>account</em></span> module types.
</p><div class="variablelist"><dl class="variablelist"><dt><span class="term">
<code class="option">onerr=[<em class="replaceable"><code>fail</code></em>|<em class="replaceable"><code>succeed</code></em>]</code>
</span></dt><dd><p>
If something weird happens (like unable to open the file),
return with <span class="errorcode">PAM_SUCCESS</span> if
<code class="option">onerr=<em class="replaceable"><code>succeed</code></em></code>
is given, else with the corresponding PAM error code.
</p></dd><dt><span class="term">
<code class="option">file=<em class="replaceable"><code>/path/to/counter</code></em></code>
</span></dt><dd><p>
File where to keep counts. Default is
<code class="filename">/var/log/tallylog</code>.
</p></dd><dt><span class="term">
<code class="option">audit</code>
</span></dt><dd><p>
Will log the user name into the system log if the user is not found.
</p></dd><dt><span class="term">
<code class="option">silent</code>
</span></dt><dd><p>
Don't print informative messages.
</p></dd><dt><span class="term">
<code class="option">no_log_info</code>
</span></dt><dd><p>
Don't log informative messages via <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">syslog</span>(3)</span>.
</p></dd></dl></div></dd><dt><span class="term">
AUTH OPTIONS
</span></dt><dd><p>
Authentication phase first increments attempted login counter and
checks if user should be denied access. If the user is authenticated
and the login process continues on call to <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">pam_setcred</span>(3)</span> it resets the attempts counter.
</p><div class="variablelist"><dl class="variablelist"><dt><span class="term">
<code class="option">deny=<em class="replaceable"><code>n</code></em></code>
</span></dt><dd><p>
Deny access if tally for this user exceeds
<em class="replaceable"><code>n</code></em>.
</p></dd><dt><span class="term">
<code class="option">lock_time=<em class="replaceable"><code>n</code></em></code>
</span></dt><dd><p>
Always deny for <em class="replaceable"><code>n</code></em> seconds
after failed attempt.
</p></dd><dt><span class="term">
<code class="option">unlock_time=<em class="replaceable"><code>n</code></em></code>
</span></dt><dd><p>
Allow access after <em class="replaceable"><code>n</code></em> seconds
after failed attempt. If this option is used the user will
be locked out for the specified amount of time after he
exceeded his maximum allowed attempts. Otherwise the
account is locked until the lock is removed by a manual
intervention of the system administrator.
</p></dd><dt><span class="term">
<code class="option">magic_root</code>
</span></dt><dd><p>
If the module is invoked by a user with uid=0 the
counter is not incremented. The sysadmin should use this
for user launched services, like <span class="command"><strong>su</strong></span>,
otherwise this argument should be omitted.
</p></dd><dt><span class="term">
<code class="option">even_deny_root</code>
</span></dt><dd><p>
Root account can become unavailable.
</p></dd><dt><span class="term">
<code class="option">root_unlock_time=<em class="replaceable"><code>n</code></em></code>
</span></dt><dd><p>
This option implies <code class="option">even_deny_root</code> option.
Allow access after <em class="replaceable"><code>n</code></em> seconds
to root account after failed attempt. If this option is used
the root user will be locked out for the specified amount of
time after he exceeded his maximum allowed attempts.
</p></dd><dt><span class="term">
<code class="option">serialize</code>
</span></dt><dd><p>
Serialize access to the tally file using locks. This option might
be used only for non-multithreaded services because it depends on
the fcntl locking of the tally file. Also it is a good idea to use
this option only in such configurations where the time between auth
phase and account or setcred phase is not dependent on the
authenticating client. Otherwise the authenticating client will be
able to prevent simultaneous authentications by the same user by
simply artificially prolonging the time the file record lock is held.
</p></dd></dl></div></dd><dt><span class="term">
ACCOUNT OPTIONS
</span></dt><dd><p>
Account phase resets attempts counter if the user is
<span class="emphasis"><em>not</em></span> magic root.
This phase can be used optionally for services which don't call
<span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">pam_setcred</span>(3)</span> correctly or if the reset should be done regardless
of the failure of the account phase of other modules.
</p><div class="variablelist"><dl class="variablelist"><dt><span class="term">
<code class="option">magic_root</code>
</span></dt><dd><p>
If the module is invoked by a user with uid=0 the
counter is not changed. The sysadmin should use this
for user launched services, like <span class="command"><strong>su</strong></span>,
otherwise this argument should be omitted.
</p></dd></dl></div></dd></dl></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="sag-pam_tally2-types"></a>6.33.3. MODULE TYPES PROVIDED</h3></div></div></div><p>
The <code class="option">auth</code> and <code class="option">account</code>
module types are provided.
</p></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="sag-pam_tally2-return_values"></a>6.33.4. RETURN VALUES</h3></div></div></div><div class="variablelist"><dl class="variablelist"><dt><span class="term">PAM_AUTH_ERR</span></dt><dd><p>
A invalid option was given, the module was not able
to retrieve the user name, no valid counter file
was found, or too many failed logins.
</p></dd><dt><span class="term">PAM_SUCCESS</span></dt><dd><p>
Everything was successful.
</p></dd><dt><span class="term">PAM_USER_UNKNOWN</span></dt><dd><p>
User not known.
</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="sag-pam_tally2-notes"></a>6.33.5. NOTES</h3></div></div></div><p>
pam_tally2 is not compatible with the old pam_tally faillog file format.
This is caused by requirement of compatibility of the tallylog file
format between 32bit and 64bit architectures on multiarch systems.
</p><p>
There is no setuid wrapper for access to the data file such as when the
<span class="emphasis"><em>pam_tally2.so</em></span> module is called from
xscreensaver. As this would make it impossible to share PAM configuration
with such services the following workaround is used: If the data file
cannot be opened because of insufficient permissions
(<span class="errorcode">EACCES</span>) the module returns
<span class="errorcode">PAM_IGNORE</span>.
</p></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="sag-pam_tally2-examples"></a>6.33.6. EXAMPLES</h3></div></div></div><p>
Add the following line to <code class="filename">/etc/pam.d/login</code> to
lock the account after 4 failed logins. Root account will be locked
as well. The accounts will be automatically unlocked after 20 minutes.
The module does not have to be called in the account phase because the
<span class="command"><strong>login</strong></span> calls <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">pam_setcred</span>(3)</span> correctly.
</p><pre class="programlisting">
auth required pam_securetty.so
auth required pam_tally2.so deny=4 even_deny_root unlock_time=1200
auth required pam_env.so
auth required pam_unix.so
auth required pam_nologin.so
account required pam_unix.so
password required pam_unix.so
session required pam_limits.so
session required pam_unix.so
session required pam_lastlog.so nowtmp
session optional pam_mail.so standard
</pre></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="sag-pam_tally2-files"></a>6.33.7. FILES</h3></div></div></div><div class="variablelist"><dl class="variablelist"><dt><span class="term"><code class="filename">/var/log/tallylog</code></span></dt><dd><p>failure count logging file</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="sag-pam_tally2-author"></a>6.33.8. AUTHOR</h3></div></div></div><p>
pam_tally2 was written by Tim Baverstock and Tomas Mraz.
</p></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="sag-pam_tally.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="sag-module-reference.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="sag-pam_time.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">6.32. pam_tally - login counter (tallying) module </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="Linux-PAM_SAG.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> 6.34. pam_time - time controled access</td></tr></table></div></body></html>