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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <HTML ><HEAD ><TITLE >Standard Unix Tools</TITLE ><META NAME="GENERATOR" CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.79"><LINK REV="MADE" HREF="mailto:pgsql-docs@postgresql.org"><LINK REL="HOME" TITLE="PostgreSQL 9.2.24 Documentation" HREF="index.html"><LINK REL="UP" TITLE="Monitoring Database Activity" HREF="monitoring.html"><LINK REL="PREVIOUS" TITLE="Monitoring Database Activity" HREF="monitoring.html"><LINK REL="NEXT" TITLE="The Statistics Collector" HREF="monitoring-stats.html"><LINK REL="STYLESHEET" TYPE="text/css" HREF="stylesheet.css"><META HTTP-EQUIV="Content-Type" CONTENT="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><META NAME="creation" CONTENT="2017-11-06T22:43:11"></HEAD ><BODY CLASS="SECT1" ><DIV CLASS="NAVHEADER" ><TABLE SUMMARY="Header navigation table" WIDTH="100%" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ><TR ><TH COLSPAN="5" ALIGN="center" VALIGN="bottom" ><A HREF="index.html" >PostgreSQL 9.2.24 Documentation</A ></TH ></TR ><TR ><TD WIDTH="10%" ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top" ><A TITLE="Monitoring Database Activity" HREF="monitoring.html" ACCESSKEY="P" >Prev</A ></TD ><TD WIDTH="10%" ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top" ><A HREF="monitoring.html" ACCESSKEY="U" >Up</A ></TD ><TD WIDTH="60%" ALIGN="center" VALIGN="bottom" >Chapter 27. Monitoring Database Activity</TD ><TD WIDTH="20%" ALIGN="right" VALIGN="top" ><A TITLE="The Statistics Collector" HREF="monitoring-stats.html" ACCESSKEY="N" >Next</A ></TD ></TR ></TABLE ><HR ALIGN="LEFT" WIDTH="100%"></DIV ><DIV CLASS="SECT1" ><H1 CLASS="SECT1" ><A NAME="MONITORING-PS" >27.1. Standard Unix Tools</A ></H1 ><P > On most Unix platforms, <SPAN CLASS="PRODUCTNAME" >PostgreSQL</SPAN > modifies its command title as reported by <TT CLASS="COMMAND" >ps</TT >, so that individual server processes can readily be identified. A sample display is </P><PRE CLASS="SCREEN" >$ ps auxww | grep ^postgres postgres 15551 0.0 0.1 57536 7132 pts/0 S 18:02 0:00 postgres -i postgres 15554 0.0 0.0 57536 1184 ? Ss 18:02 0:00 postgres: writer process postgres 15555 0.0 0.0 57536 916 ? Ss 18:02 0:00 postgres: checkpointer process postgres 15556 0.0 0.0 57536 916 ? Ss 18:02 0:00 postgres: wal writer process postgres 15557 0.0 0.0 58504 2244 ? Ss 18:02 0:00 postgres: autovacuum launcher process postgres 15558 0.0 0.0 17512 1068 ? Ss 18:02 0:00 postgres: stats collector process postgres 15582 0.0 0.0 58772 3080 ? Ss 18:04 0:00 postgres: joe runbug 127.0.0.1 idle postgres 15606 0.0 0.0 58772 3052 ? Ss 18:07 0:00 postgres: tgl regression [local] SELECT waiting postgres 15610 0.0 0.0 58772 3056 ? Ss 18:07 0:00 postgres: tgl regression [local] idle in transaction</PRE ><P> (The appropriate invocation of <TT CLASS="COMMAND" >ps</TT > varies across different platforms, as do the details of what is shown. This example is from a recent Linux system.) The first process listed here is the master server process. The command arguments shown for it are the same ones used when it was launched. The next five processes are background worker processes automatically launched by the master process. (The <SPAN CLASS="QUOTE" >"stats collector"</SPAN > process will not be present if you have set the system not to start the statistics collector; likewise the <SPAN CLASS="QUOTE" >"autovacuum launcher"</SPAN > process can be disabled.) Each of the remaining processes is a server process handling one client connection. Each such process sets its command line display in the form </P><PRE CLASS="SCREEN" >postgres: <TT CLASS="REPLACEABLE" ><I >user</I ></TT > <TT CLASS="REPLACEABLE" ><I >database</I ></TT > <TT CLASS="REPLACEABLE" ><I >host</I ></TT > <TT CLASS="REPLACEABLE" ><I >activity</I ></TT ></PRE ><P> The user, database, and (client) host items remain the same for the life of the client connection, but the activity indicator changes. The activity can be <TT CLASS="LITERAL" >idle</TT > (i.e., waiting for a client command), <TT CLASS="LITERAL" >idle in transaction</TT > (waiting for client inside a <TT CLASS="COMMAND" >BEGIN</TT > block), or a command type name such as <TT CLASS="LITERAL" >SELECT</TT >. Also, <TT CLASS="LITERAL" >waiting</TT > is appended if the server process is presently waiting on a lock held by another session. In the above example we can infer that process 15606 is waiting for process 15610 to complete its transaction and thereby release some lock. (Process 15610 must be the blocker, because there is no other active session. In more complicated cases it would be necessary to look into the <A HREF="view-pg-locks.html" ><TT CLASS="STRUCTNAME" >pg_locks</TT ></A > system view to determine who is blocking whom.) </P ><P > If you have turned off <A HREF="runtime-config-statistics.html#GUC-UPDATE-PROCESS-TITLE" >update_process_title</A > then the activity indicator is not updated; the process title is set only once when a new process is launched. On some platforms this saves a measurable amount of per-command overhead; on others it's insignificant. </P ><DIV CLASS="TIP" ><BLOCKQUOTE CLASS="TIP" ><P ><B >Tip: </B > <SPAN CLASS="PRODUCTNAME" >Solaris</SPAN > requires special handling. You must use <TT CLASS="COMMAND" >/usr/ucb/ps</TT >, rather than <TT CLASS="COMMAND" >/bin/ps</TT >. You also must use two <TT CLASS="OPTION" >w</TT > flags, not just one. In addition, your original invocation of the <TT CLASS="COMMAND" >postgres</TT > command must have a shorter <TT CLASS="COMMAND" >ps</TT > status display than that provided by each server process. If you fail to do all three things, the <TT CLASS="COMMAND" >ps</TT > output for each server process will be the original <TT CLASS="COMMAND" >postgres</TT > command line. </P ></BLOCKQUOTE ></DIV ></DIV ><DIV CLASS="NAVFOOTER" ><HR ALIGN="LEFT" WIDTH="100%"><TABLE SUMMARY="Footer navigation table" WIDTH="100%" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ><TR ><TD WIDTH="33%" ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top" ><A HREF="monitoring.html" ACCESSKEY="P" >Prev</A ></TD ><TD WIDTH="34%" ALIGN="center" VALIGN="top" ><A HREF="index.html" ACCESSKEY="H" >Home</A ></TD ><TD WIDTH="33%" ALIGN="right" VALIGN="top" ><A HREF="monitoring-stats.html" ACCESSKEY="N" >Next</A ></TD ></TR ><TR ><TD WIDTH="33%" ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top" >Monitoring Database Activity</TD ><TD WIDTH="34%" ALIGN="center" VALIGN="top" ><A HREF="monitoring.html" ACCESSKEY="U" >Up</A ></TD ><TD WIDTH="33%" ALIGN="right" VALIGN="top" >The Statistics Collector</TD ></TR ></TABLE ></DIV ></BODY ></HTML >