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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <HTML ><HEAD ><TITLE >The Password File</TITLE ><META NAME="GENERATOR" CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.79"><LINK REV="MADE" HREF="mailto:pgsql-docs@postgresql.org"><LINK REL="HOME" TITLE="PostgreSQL 9.2.24 Documentation" HREF="index.html"><LINK REL="UP" TITLE="libpq - C Library" HREF="libpq.html"><LINK REL="PREVIOUS" TITLE="Environment Variables" HREF="libpq-envars.html"><LINK REL="NEXT" TITLE="The Connection Service File" HREF="libpq-pgservice.html"><LINK REL="STYLESHEET" TYPE="text/css" HREF="stylesheet.css"><META HTTP-EQUIV="Content-Type" CONTENT="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><META NAME="creation" CONTENT="2017-11-06T22:43:11"></HEAD ><BODY CLASS="SECT1" ><DIV CLASS="NAVHEADER" ><TABLE SUMMARY="Header navigation table" WIDTH="100%" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ><TR ><TH COLSPAN="5" ALIGN="center" VALIGN="bottom" ><A HREF="index.html" >PostgreSQL 9.2.24 Documentation</A ></TH ></TR ><TR ><TD WIDTH="10%" ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top" ><A TITLE="Environment Variables" HREF="libpq-envars.html" ACCESSKEY="P" >Prev</A ></TD ><TD WIDTH="10%" ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top" ><A HREF="libpq.html" ACCESSKEY="U" >Up</A ></TD ><TD WIDTH="60%" ALIGN="center" VALIGN="bottom" >Chapter 31. <SPAN CLASS="APPLICATION" >libpq</SPAN > - C Library</TD ><TD WIDTH="20%" ALIGN="right" VALIGN="top" ><A TITLE="The Connection Service File" HREF="libpq-pgservice.html" ACCESSKEY="N" >Next</A ></TD ></TR ></TABLE ><HR ALIGN="LEFT" WIDTH="100%"></DIV ><DIV CLASS="SECT1" ><H1 CLASS="SECT1" ><A NAME="LIBPQ-PGPASS" >31.15. The Password File</A ></H1 ><P > The file <TT CLASS="FILENAME" >.pgpass</TT > in a user's home directory or the file referenced by <TT CLASS="ENVAR" >PGPASSFILE</TT > can contain passwords to be used if the connection requires a password (and no password has been specified otherwise). On Microsoft Windows the file is named <TT CLASS="FILENAME" >%APPDATA%\postgresql\pgpass.conf</TT > (where <TT CLASS="FILENAME" >%APPDATA%</TT > refers to the Application Data subdirectory in the user's profile). </P ><P > This file should contain lines of the following format: </P><PRE CLASS="SYNOPSIS" ><TT CLASS="REPLACEABLE" ><I >hostname</I ></TT >:<TT CLASS="REPLACEABLE" ><I >port</I ></TT >:<TT CLASS="REPLACEABLE" ><I >database</I ></TT >:<TT CLASS="REPLACEABLE" ><I >username</I ></TT >:<TT CLASS="REPLACEABLE" ><I >password</I ></TT ></PRE ><P> (You can add a reminder comment to the file by copying the line above and preceding it with <TT CLASS="LITERAL" >#</TT >.) Each of the first four fields can be a literal value, or <TT CLASS="LITERAL" >*</TT >, which matches anything. The password field from the first line that matches the current connection parameters will be used. (Therefore, put more-specific entries first when you are using wildcards.) If an entry needs to contain <TT CLASS="LITERAL" >:</TT > or <TT CLASS="LITERAL" >\</TT >, escape this character with <TT CLASS="LITERAL" >\</TT >. A host name of <TT CLASS="LITERAL" >localhost</TT > matches both TCP (host name <TT CLASS="LITERAL" >localhost</TT >) and Unix domain socket (<TT CLASS="LITERAL" >pghost</TT > empty or the default socket directory) connections coming from the local machine. In a standby server, a database name of <TT CLASS="LITERAL" >replication</TT > matches streaming replication connections made to the master server. The <TT CLASS="LITERAL" >database</TT > field is of limited usefulness because users have the same password for all databases in the same cluster. </P ><P > On Unix systems, the permissions on <TT CLASS="FILENAME" >.pgpass</TT > must disallow any access to world or group; achieve this by the command <TT CLASS="COMMAND" >chmod 0600 ~/.pgpass</TT >. If the permissions are less strict than this, the file will be ignored. On Microsoft Windows, it is assumed that the file is stored in a directory that is secure, so no special permissions check is made. </P ></DIV ><DIV CLASS="NAVFOOTER" ><HR ALIGN="LEFT" WIDTH="100%"><TABLE SUMMARY="Footer navigation table" WIDTH="100%" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ><TR ><TD WIDTH="33%" ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top" ><A HREF="libpq-envars.html" ACCESSKEY="P" >Prev</A ></TD ><TD WIDTH="34%" ALIGN="center" VALIGN="top" ><A HREF="index.html" ACCESSKEY="H" >Home</A ></TD ><TD WIDTH="33%" ALIGN="right" VALIGN="top" ><A HREF="libpq-pgservice.html" ACCESSKEY="N" >Next</A ></TD ></TR ><TR ><TD WIDTH="33%" ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top" >Environment Variables</TD ><TD WIDTH="34%" ALIGN="center" VALIGN="top" ><A HREF="libpq.html" ACCESSKEY="U" >Up</A ></TD ><TD WIDTH="33%" ALIGN="right" VALIGN="top" >The Connection Service File</TD ></TR ></TABLE ></DIV ></BODY ></HTML >