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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <HTML ><HEAD ><TITLE >Client Interfaces</TITLE ><META NAME="GENERATOR" CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.79"><LINK REV="MADE" HREF="mailto:pgsql-docs@postgresql.org"><LINK REL="HOME" TITLE="PostgreSQL 9.2.24 Documentation" HREF="index.html"><LINK REL="UP" TITLE="External Projects" HREF="external-projects.html"><LINK REL="PREVIOUS" TITLE="External Projects" HREF="external-projects.html"><LINK REL="NEXT" TITLE="Administration Tools" HREF="external-admin-tools.html"><LINK REL="STYLESHEET" TYPE="text/css" HREF="stylesheet.css"><META HTTP-EQUIV="Content-Type" CONTENT="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><META NAME="creation" CONTENT="2017-11-06T22:43:11"></HEAD ><BODY CLASS="SECT1" ><DIV CLASS="NAVHEADER" ><TABLE SUMMARY="Header navigation table" WIDTH="100%" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ><TR ><TH COLSPAN="5" ALIGN="center" VALIGN="bottom" ><A HREF="index.html" >PostgreSQL 9.2.24 Documentation</A ></TH ></TR ><TR ><TD WIDTH="10%" ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top" ><A TITLE="External Projects" HREF="external-projects.html" ACCESSKEY="P" >Prev</A ></TD ><TD WIDTH="10%" ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top" ><A HREF="external-projects.html" ACCESSKEY="U" >Up</A ></TD ><TD WIDTH="60%" ALIGN="center" VALIGN="bottom" >Appendix H. External Projects</TD ><TD WIDTH="20%" ALIGN="right" VALIGN="top" ><A TITLE="Administration Tools" HREF="external-admin-tools.html" ACCESSKEY="N" >Next</A ></TD ></TR ></TABLE ><HR ALIGN="LEFT" WIDTH="100%"></DIV ><DIV CLASS="SECT1" ><H1 CLASS="SECT1" ><A NAME="EXTERNAL-INTERFACES" >H.1. Client Interfaces</A ></H1 ><P > There are only two client interfaces included in the base <SPAN CLASS="PRODUCTNAME" >PostgreSQL</SPAN > distribution: <P ></P ></P><UL ><LI ><P > <A HREF="libpq.html" >libpq</A > is included because it is the primary C language interface, and because many other client interfaces are built on top of it. </P ></LI ><LI ><P > <A HREF="ecpg.html" >ECPG</A > is included because it depends on the server-side SQL grammar, and is therefore sensitive to changes in <SPAN CLASS="PRODUCTNAME" >PostgreSQL</SPAN > itself. </P ></LI ></UL ><P> All other language interfaces are external projects and are distributed separately. <A HREF="external-interfaces.html#LANGUAGE-INTERFACE-TABLE" >Table H-1</A > includes a list of some of these projects. Note that some of these packages might not be released under the same license as <SPAN CLASS="PRODUCTNAME" >PostgreSQL</SPAN >. For more information on each language interface, including licensing terms, refer to its website and documentation. </P ><DIV CLASS="TABLE" ><A NAME="LANGUAGE-INTERFACE-TABLE" ></A ><P ><B >Table H-1. Externally Maintained Client Interfaces</B ></P ><TABLE BORDER="1" CLASS="CALSTABLE" ><COL><COL><COL><COL><THEAD ><TR ><TH >Name</TH ><TH >Language</TH ><TH >Comments</TH ><TH >Website</TH ></TR ></THEAD ><TBODY ><TR ><TD >DBD::Pg</TD ><TD >Perl</TD ><TD >Perl DBI driver</TD ><TD ><A HREF="http://search.cpan.org/dist/DBD-Pg/" TARGET="_top" >http://search.cpan.org/dist/DBD-Pg/</A ></TD ></TR ><TR ><TD >JDBC</TD ><TD >Java</TD ><TD >Type 4 JDBC driver</TD ><TD ><A HREF="https://jdbc.postgresql.org/" TARGET="_top" >https://jdbc.postgresql.org/</A ></TD ></TR ><TR ><TD >libpqxx</TD ><TD >C++</TD ><TD >New-style C++ interface</TD ><TD ><A HREF="http://pqxx.org/" TARGET="_top" >http://pqxx.org/</A ></TD ></TR ><TR ><TD >node-postgres</TD ><TD >JavaScript</TD ><TD >Node.js driver</TD ><TD ><A HREF="https://node-postgres.com/" TARGET="_top" >https://node-postgres.com/</A ></TD ></TR ><TR ><TD >Npgsql</TD ><TD >.NET</TD ><TD >.NET data provider</TD ><TD ><A HREF="http://www.npgsql.org/" TARGET="_top" >http://www.npgsql.org/</A ></TD ></TR ><TR ><TD >pgtcl</TD ><TD >Tcl</TD ><TD > </TD ><TD ><A HREF="https://github.com/flightaware/Pgtcl" TARGET="_top" >https://github.com/flightaware/Pgtcl</A ></TD ></TR ><TR ><TD >pgtclng</TD ><TD >Tcl</TD ><TD > </TD ><TD ><A HREF="http://sourceforge.net/projects/pgtclng/" TARGET="_top" >http://sourceforge.net/projects/pgtclng/</A ></TD ></TR ><TR ><TD >pq</TD ><TD >Go</TD ><TD >Pure Go driver for Go's database/sql</TD ><TD ><A HREF="https://github.com/lib/pq" TARGET="_top" >https://github.com/lib/pq</A ></TD ></TR ><TR ><TD >psqlODBC</TD ><TD >ODBC</TD ><TD >ODBC driver</TD ><TD ><A HREF="https://odbc.postgresql.org/" TARGET="_top" >https://odbc.postgresql.org/</A ></TD ></TR ><TR ><TD >psycopg</TD ><TD >Python</TD ><TD >DB API 2.0-compliant</TD ><TD ><A HREF="http://initd.org/psycopg/" TARGET="_top" >http://initd.org/psycopg/</A ></TD ></TR ></TBODY ></TABLE ></DIV ></DIV ><DIV CLASS="NAVFOOTER" ><HR ALIGN="LEFT" WIDTH="100%"><TABLE SUMMARY="Footer navigation table" WIDTH="100%" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ><TR ><TD WIDTH="33%" ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top" ><A HREF="external-projects.html" ACCESSKEY="P" >Prev</A ></TD ><TD WIDTH="34%" ALIGN="center" VALIGN="top" ><A HREF="index.html" ACCESSKEY="H" >Home</A ></TD ><TD WIDTH="33%" ALIGN="right" VALIGN="top" ><A HREF="external-admin-tools.html" ACCESSKEY="N" >Next</A ></TD ></TR ><TR ><TD WIDTH="33%" ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top" >External Projects</TD ><TD WIDTH="34%" ALIGN="center" VALIGN="top" ><A HREF="external-projects.html" ACCESSKEY="U" >Up</A ></TD ><TD WIDTH="33%" ALIGN="right" VALIGN="top" >Administration Tools</TD ></TR ></TABLE ></DIV ></BODY ></HTML >